Even if - as some doubt - replacing tobacco cigarettes with e-cigarettes [e-cigs] or snus smokeless tobacco significantly Christian Louboutin boots shoes reduces the individual user's risk of death, a public health strategy based upon promoting such nicotine-administration products may save few if any lives, and may even raise the death rate in the total population, at least according to a recent study which is one of the first to examine many of the underlying public health ramifications of promoting such Christian Louboutin shoes shop products, says public interest law professor John Banzhaf,
Executive Director of Action on Smoking and Health (ASH).
The study shows that, even if switching to an alternative source of nicotine reduces the individual user's risk of death, more people overall may die and public health may suffer because of two types of population Christian Louboutin Shoes Replica effects.
First, some smokers who would otherwise be persuaded to quit - give up all nicotine use - by smoking bans and/or high taxes will instead switch to the substitute, thereby remaining at a much higher risk than Christian Louboutin shoes Online if they had ended their use of nicotine entirely. "If lots of smokers who would otherwise quit instead switch to e-cigs, public health will suffer, since the risks of using e-cigs can be considerable," notes Banzhaf.
For example, one major study showed an association between the use of chewing tobacco (which administers nicotine) and acute wedding christian louboutin shoes myocardial infarction that was 75% of the risk of smoking cigarettes. The Food and Drug
Administration [FDA] has just warned that e-cigarettes pose "acute health risks," and that the "danger posed by the unrestricted distribution of [these] unregulated products containing toxic chemicals jordan shoes store cannot seriously be questioned."
Even more serious, other smokers who might otherwise be pressured to quit by bans on smoking in the workplace may
be able to remain Wholesale Christian Louboutin shoes smokers by using nicotine administration products while at work - a use for which they are prominently advertised. In such situations they not only fail to get the health benefit of quitting entirely,
but also wind up as "dual users" with the combined risks of both smoking tobacco and of the nicotine substitute buy Christian Louboutin boot product. Thus their overall health risk might simply be additive (the sum of the risks of both products) or, as some have suggested, synergistic (higher than the sum of the risks of both products).
Second, some children and others who might otherwise avoid all tobacco or nicotine use will instead: (1) take up
the substitute with all of its known and unknowable health risks; or (2) become addicted to nicotine in the Cold-blooded detective substitute and ultimately graduate from e-cigs or snus to simply smoking; or, worse, (3) continue using e-cigs or snus but yield to the nicotine addiction and eventually also take up smoking in addition, thereby becoming dual users with dual risks.
In all such cases the overall national jordan shoes shop health risk and death rate will be much higher because of the ready mln
